1. Classification of commonly used tool holders for CNC machine tools
Compared with ordinary machining methods, CNC machining has stricter requirements on the rigidity, precision, durability and dynamic balance performance of the tool. The selection of cutting tools should pay attention to the structural and technological analysis of the workpiece, combined with comprehensive considerations such as the processing capabilities of the CNC machine tool, the workpiece material, and the process content.
Commonly used tool holders for CNC machining are mainly divided into drilling tool holders, boring tool holders, milling tool holders, threaded tool holders and straight tool holders (end mill tool holders and spring chuck tool holders) .
2. Selection of commonly used tool holders for CNC machine tools
Tool holder structure
The structural forms of CNC machine tool tool holders are divided into two types: integral type and modular type. The working part of the integral tool holder for clamping the tool is integrated with the shank used for installation and positioning on the machine tool. This kind of tool holder has poor adaptability to changes in machine tools and parts. In order to adapt to the change of parts and machine tools, users must stock tool holders of various specifications, so the utilization rate of tool holders is low. The modular tool system is a more advanced tool system in which each tool holder can be assembled from various series of modules. According to different processing parts and machine tools, different assembly solutions can be adopted to obtain a variety of tool holder series, thereby improving the adaptability and utilization rate of the tool holder.
The selection of tool handle structural form should take into account both technological advancement and economic rationality:
① For some simple tools that are used repeatedly for a long time and do not need to be assembled, it is better to be equipped with an integral tool handle, so that the tool has good rigidity and is cheap (such as end mill handles, spring chuck handles and drill handles used to process the outer contour of parts). chuck holder, etc.)
② When processing multiple varieties and small batches of parts with frequently changing hole diameters and hole depths, it is advisable to use modular tool holders to replace a large number of integral boring tool holders to reduce processing costs.
③ For many CNC machine tools, especially when the end of the machine tool spindle and the tool changing manipulator are different, it is advisable to use modular tool holders. Since the intermediate modules (connectors) and working modules (tool-mounting modules) used by each machine tool can be used in common, equipment investment can be greatly reduced and tool utilization can be improved.
3.Tool handle specifications
Most CNC tool holders use: conical tool holders, and adopt corresponding types of rivet tightening structures to match the machine tool spindle. Knife handles come in various specifications, and the commonly used ones are number, number and number. Currently, ISO-, GB-, MAS-, ANSI/ASMEB.-, etc. are widely used in our country. When selecting, the tool holder specifications should be considered to be compatible with the machine tool spindle and manipulator.
4. Specifications and quantity of tool handles
The integrated TSG tool system includes a variety of tool holders, with hundreds of specifications. Users can select the variety and specifications of tool holders based on the CNC machining process of typical parts being processed, which can meet processing requirements without causing a backlog. Considering that a certain number of tool holders are being pre-adjusted or tool sharpened while the CNC machine tool is working, the number of tool holders usually configured is ~ times the required tool holders.
5. Matching of tool and handle
Pay attention to the matching of the tool holder and the tool, especially when selecting a tapping tool holder, pay attention to the size of the tap drive square head. In addition, the use of single-edge boring tools on CNC machine tools can avoid scratching the workpiece when retracting the tool.